PHYSICO-CHEMICAL STUDY OF DEAD SEA WATERSII. Density measurements and equation of state of Dead Sea waters at I atm*

ABSTRACT
Krumgalz, B.S. and Millero, F.J., 1982. Physico-chemical study of Dead Sea waters. II.Density measurements and equation of state of Dead Sea waters at 1 atm. Mar. Chem., 11: 477–492. The densities (p) of artificial solutions of Dead Sea waters have been measured at 20 °, 25 °, 30 °, 35 ° and 40°C using a vibrating tube densimeter. The resulting relative densities (P –P0, where P0 is the density of water) have been used to determine an equation of state for Dead Sea waters. The average deviation between experimental values and those calculated from the obtained equation was 0.000020 gm1-1 . A thermal expansion coefficient and the coefficients characterizing the influence of the changes in salt or ionic concentrations on the density of Dead Sea waters were calculated, and they were shown to be temperature and concentration-dependent. The densities of Dead Sea waters were found to be very sensitive to any changes in ionic composition. The partial molal volumes of salt components were calculated and discussed.

INTRODUCTION
The examination of the relation of physicochemical properties of natural waters to the ionic interactions of the major components is a matter of considerable interest. Over the past 10 years the P–V–T–S% 0 properties have been studied for a number of seas and oceans in a certain range of salinity: the Baltic Sea (Millero and Kremling, 1976), the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans (Millero and Chen, 1976; Millero et al., 1976a; Chen and Millero, 1977; Millero et al., 1978a), the western part of the Mediterranean Sea (Millero et
al., 1978b), the Caspian Sea (Millero and Chetirkin, 1980) and the Gulf of Mexico (Millero et al., 1979). The authors tried to understand how the physical properties of natural waters are related to interionic interactions. The total ionic strength of the studied waters was less than one molal except for the Orca basin brines (Millero et al., 1979) with ionic strength equal to ca. 5 molal.

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